In this animated object, learners examine an analog closed-loop feedback system that uses potentiometers to control the position of a gear rack.

In this screencast, learners examine the concept of gear ratios. The number of teeth, diameters, and velocity relationships are discussed and calculated using linear ratio equations.

In this interactive object, learners read how to determine the force created by a hydraulic cylinder during extension and retraction. A brief quiz completes the activity.

Learners examine the operation of a proportional control amplifier and the two ways that it is programmed using proportional gain or proportional band. A brief quiz completes the activity.