Learners view the operation of an NPN transistor in the active region.

In this learning activity, learners will learn to calculate the average voltage produced by half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.

Students read the terms associated with the Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) . They also view formulas for dc current and voltage.

In this animated activity, learners view the seven steps that are used to calculate voltage and current values throughout a common-emitter transistor amplifier.

Learners examine the fundamental operation of a difference operational amplifier. A brief quiz completes the activity.

This learning object introduces the three approximations of a diode.

Students read an introduction to the electronic workbench and view a demonstration of how to open a file for circuit simulation.

Students examine the full-wave rectifier. They review appropriate formulas and examples of actual circuits.

Learners use two calculations to prepare a graphical solution to the biasing of bipolar junction transistors and junction field effect transistors. This method eliminates the problem of having to re-calculate the operational Q point when dealing with hard saturation.

This primer introduces the student to the half-wave rectifier. Both the 1st and 2nd approximations are examined.

In this screencast, learners examine the internal elements of a 555 IC and their operation.

In this interactive object, learners examine the operation of an inverting operational amplifier through formulas, tables, and animated illustrations. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this animated and interactive object, learners study how a DC circuit, consisting of a diac, a capacitor, and two resistors, causes a light-emitting diode to turn on and off. A brief quiz completes the activity.

Students read about light-emitting diodes, including LED voltage and current, and how to protect against reverse voltage.

In this animated object, learners examine the fundamental operation of a noninverting operational amplifier. A brief quiz completes the activity.

Students read an explanation of the operation of an operational amplifier that functions as a comparator.

The inverting amplifier configuration is presented. The closed loop voltage gain and the closed loop bandwidth formulas are explained, along with the concept of negative feedback.

Students are introduced to the non-inverting amplifier configuration. The formulas for closed loop gain and bandwidth are shown, and an example is given.

Students read about the characteristics of the ideal operational amplifier and compare them with the industry standard LM741C.

Students read an explanation of the summing amplifier and the formulas for closed-loop gain. An example is given.

Students read an introduction to the transconductance amplifier. They also view formulas for voltage-to-current conversion, closed-loop input, and output impedance. An example of how R1 controls the conversion factor is given.

The current-to-voltage conversion of the transresistance amplifier is examined. The formulas for output voltage and impedance are defined and an example ties the concepts together.

In this learning activity you'll explore the operation of a full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.

In this animated object, students observe how the pulsating DC output voltage of a full-wave rectifier is filtered by a capacitor.

In this animated object, learners examine the operation of a Schmitt Trigger IC and its hysteresis function. A brief quiz completes the activity.