Analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
Conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brains can interpret
A theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus ("Signal") amid background stimulation ("Noise")
The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
The smallest change in stimulation that a person can detect 50% of the time
The central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster
Individual neurons—or groups of neurons—in the brain which code for perceptually significant stimuli
The difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation
An apparent, but not actual, drop from one surface to another
Theory states that within your eye are tiny cells that can receive waves of light and translate them into one of three colors: blue, green, and red
Theory of emotional and motivational states that is proposed by psychologist Richard Solomon
Theory in psychology proposes an explanation of how human beings perceive pitch
The pitch of a sound wave, nerve impulses of a corresponding frequency will be sent to the auditory nerve
A mechanism, in the spinal cord, in which pain signals can be sent up to the brain to be processed to accentuate the possible perceived pain, or attenuate it at the spinal cord itself
Allows us to move smoothly
Similarity, continuation, closure, proximity, figure/ground, and symmetry & order
Simple shapes arranged together can create a more complex image
Things that are seen as similar on some other dimension are seen as being together