Biological Macromolecules Key Term Practice
Practice key terms for biological molecules
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- a monomer of a protein
- attraction between water molecules and molecules of a different substance
- serves as an energy source and structural support in cells
- polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls
- carbohydrate that forms the outer skeleton of arthropods and cell walls of fungi
- intermolecular forces between water molecules; creates surface tension
- loss of shape in a protein due to changes in temperature, pH, or chemical exposure
- double-stranded polymer that carries hereditary information of the cell
- two sugar monomers linked together by a peptide bond
- negatively charged particle of an atom that is found outside the nucleus in the orbital cloud
- catalyst of a biochemical reaction which is usually a protein
- lipid molecule composed of three fatty acids and glycerol; usually solid at room temperature
- storage carbohydrate in animals
- chemical signal (usually protein or steroid) that acts to regulate or control specific physiological processes
- water-loving; substance that dissolves in water
- water-fearing; substance that does not dissolve in water
- one or more forms of an element that has a different number of neutrons
- an atom or compound that has a net charge due to unequal number of protons and electrons
- anything that has mass and occupies space
- single unit or monomer of carbohydrates
- particle with no charge that is found in atomic nucleus
- macromolecule that carries genetic information of a cell and carries instructions for cell function
- monomer of nucleic acids; made of pentose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base
- unsaturated fat that is a liquid at room temperature
- major constituent of cell membranes; composed of two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone
- long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
- long chain of monosaccharides; may be branched or unbranched
- biological macromolecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids
- single-stranded polymer of nucleotides involved in protein synthesis
- long-chain hydrocarbon with only single bonds in the carbon chain
- storage carbohydrate in plants
- type of lipid composed of four fused hydrocarbon rings
- cohesive force at the surface of a body of liquid that prevents the molecules from separating
- a measure of molecular motion
- a fat molecule with three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule
- long-chain hydrocarbon with one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain
- type of chemical bond that forms when atoms share electrons
- type of chemical bond that forms between ions of opposite charges
- weak bond that forms between partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative atoms or molecules
- weak attraction between molecules caused by slightly charged atoms
- one atom in a covalent bond slightly pulls electrons closer to itself, away from the other atom in the bond
- both atoms in covalent bond share atoms equally
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