In this animated object, learners examine how gas volume varies directly with absolute temperature (K at constant pressure). An example of a sample of gas at two conditions of volume and temperature is used to illustrate the law.

Ions are electrically charged particles obtained from an atom or from a chemically bonded group of atoms by adding or removing electrons. Eight examples illustrate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in positive ions (cations) and in negative ions (anions).

Learners use the coefficients in a balanced equation to develop the mole ratios of reactants and products involved in the reaction. Five interactive examples illustrate the method, and students test their knowledge by working four problems.

In this colorful, interactive object, learners examine how materials on the nanoscale compare with those on the macroscale. The focus is on the difference between macroscale and nanoscale gold in both color and melting point.