Students examine the first and second approximations of a voltage source. A "stiff" voltage source is defined, and several examples are given.

This learning object introduces the three approximations of a diode.

Learners examine first and second approximations and view examples of a "stiff" current source.

Students read how the transfer function is developed for an RC low-pass filter. A straight line Bode plot is drawn through close approximations.

This primer introduces the student to the half-wave rectifier. Both the 1st and 2nd approximations are examined.